Geiko Tomigiku wearing a Formal Kimono (1920)
This type of formal outfit worn by a Geiko (Geisha) is called “shiro-eri muji no mon-tsuki” and was originally determined by the sumptuary laws brought in to control Geisha in 1799. Under these laws their dress was limited to clothes of plain non-figured cloth dyed with their crests, collars of white material, and Shimada hairstyles ornamented with one kogai (sword-kanzashi), one comb, and one smaller hairpin only.
Although the sumptuary laws have long since ceased to exist, Geiko still wear this style of dress during the New Year’s festivities and during other holidays and festivities. At the beginning of the 20th Century, Mon-bi (crest days) were strictly limited to the Go-sekku (the five seasonal festivals).(source)
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